Wednesday, December 3, 2008

The African soul

What is Africa to me:
Copper sun or scarlet sea,
Jungle star or jungle track,
Strong bronzed men, or regal black

Countee Cullen


All were set to
unravel
the African soul,
And so was I
Daggering two egotistic hearts
I sucked the words out,
created my own Africa thus,

African heroes,
pasts, passions
retraced through
learned incantations

as the African soul was searched
Apparitions of griots and troubadours
concocted a chilling wave of irony
knocked the door of my heart

Hunger, famine, feud it said were words to bemoan,
Paths to the puzzle called Africa

Anywhere but here*

“Consequence baby, think ‘bout the consequence” he said.

She minced his words with a nonchalant caress,

Gliding loftily through the autumn breeze,
lisping songs of love
she responded to the
perpetual beckoning
he seemed unsure still
unwilling
to answer the calls of
life.

*Inspired by the movie Anywhere but here starring Natalie Portman, Susan Sarandon

Sketching Africa through Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart


The Nigerian writer Chinua Achebe is almost unknown in our parts of the world and so is African literature. The conference titled “Celebrating 50 years of Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart: International Conference on African Literature in English/Africa in Literature” was held under the auspices of the Department of English of the Dhaka University and was an answer to the general ignorance regarding Africa and its literary tradition in Bangladesh. The day-long seminar was held on October 30, 2008 at the R.C Majumdar Auditorium of the Lecture Theatre Building of the University. A parallel session was held at the “Centre for Advanced Research in the Humanities” of the same building. Noted scholars from the English Departments of different universities presented their papers in the seminar with Professor Dr. S.M.A. Faiz, Vice Chancellor, University of Dhaka as the Chief Guest and Professor Kabir Chowdhury, National Professor as the Special Guest. International Guests also adorned the occasion. The long conference was ended with a Play-Reading by Dhaka Padatik.


The inaugural session began at 9.00 am with Dr. Khaliquzzaman Elias presenting the keynote paper. Professor Kazal Krishna Banerjee, the Coordinator of the Conference Committee mentioned Professor A.G. Stock’s contributions in shaping the area of scholarship in African literature in his speech. Three sessions Decolonizing /Recolonizing Africa, Language and National Identity and Perspectives on Things Fall Apart respectively were held in the day. Professor Shawkat Hussain and Professor Mohit Ul Alam presented their papers in the first session while the lone African in the seminar, Mr. Murimi Gaitu, a research fellow at Jawaharlal Nehru University presented his paper at the second session. His paper was on the Oral tradition which is an integral part of Africa consciousness. In the third session Professor Fakrul Alam of Dhaka University presented his paper along with Prof. Khandker Rezaur Rahman of IBAIS University and Prof. Nurul Islam of Eastern University.

The parallel session gave young teachers and enthusiastic students to present their papers. Two sessions were held with Professor Tahmina Ahmed chairing the opening session and Professor Rebecca Haque chairing the last. Given the limitations of resources and materials on African literature and literature in English from Africa many presentations in the parallel session were bold and praiseworthy.

After the conclusion of the paper presentation sessions Professor Khondakar Ashraf Hossain thanked everyone involved with the seminar and hoped that such seminars will now be held frequently at the English Department of D.U. He also commended Professor Kazal Krishna Banerjee for coming up with the initial plans of holding a seminar of African Literature in English. The Play-Reading by Dhaka Padatik that followed the formal conclusion of the seminar was an adaption of Ghanaian dramatist Mohammad Ibn Abdallah’s The Trial of Mallam Ilya. It caught the imagination of the fading late evening audience.

The conference gave an opportunity to the scholars, paper presenters and audiences in attendance alike to spend a day pondering Africa and Chinua Achebe’s literary legacy. Chinua Achebe started the task of “writing back” through Things Fall Apart which continues to impact Postcolonial Studies immensely. The successful conference enabled the English Department of Dhaka University to pay tribute to the legacies of the great man and also paved the way for more research on African literary traditions in Bangladesh.

Wednesday, October 8, 2008

Voter ID, Election 2008 and the legitimation of science

Recently, the Election Commission have successfully completed their voter registration program. Their project was received warmly and many ushered humble accolades for what the commission have done. But the commission seemed dissatisfied with the appreciations they got. So it staged its own “awareness” campaign with aplomb and carnivalesque gaiety to demonstrate how narcissistic three Bangladeshi men (the Chief Election Commissioner and his two deputy) in the power could be. These three men were ably supported by the “co-operative venture” between BIO-Key in the US, Tiger IT in Bangladesh, and the Bangladesh army in their long journey to finish the Voter Id documentation.

However many fear that by digitalizing information the “State” might tighten it’s grip on individuals through constant surveillance or even gather uncalled-for information by “eavesdropping”. State Surveillance that has become a major concern round the world in recent times will also be a top agenda of our state. And it becomes more of a matter of concern when eminent supporters of the Voter ID project claim that the “digitalization” process will make governance “more scientific”. Jean-Françoise Lyotard in his The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge says that the State purchases scientists, technicians and instruments “not to find truth” but to “augment power” (ed Cahoone, 497). His argument about how science is used to augment power is good enough to catch the irony inherent in the voices of those who want governance to be more scientific, i.e, brutally totalitarian.

"Surveillance" and "eavesdropping" are the modern trajectories of Baroque-styled voyeur-fetish. Once, the crème de la crème of Western Europe participated in such smearing voyeuristic acts. But now it seems that the magniloquent oligarchs of Bangladesh (people with an insatiable desire to control and codify) have an opportunity to fulfill a desire of their own.

Desire fulfilling is no sin. “Repressed” desire, as Freud argues is harmful. Lacan, if lived to this day would have argued that "surveillance"/monitoring/codifying are the natal fantasies of men involved in sucking the juice out of a postcolonial nation or in warfare and arms dealing or in "the holy act of state guardsman -ship".

But it involves something more than sex. It is more pleasurable than sex.

Surveillance/eavesdropping are all-pervading fetishes. They devour the haves and the have-nots, the hideous and the charming, the petite and the belle, the scholar and the layman; all alike.

Those men who have dreamed of this for a long time are gleaning with scrotum juice. But they lacked the "backing" of what Lyotard calls "legitimizing" science. Thanks to those science people who have come up to aide the military/election commission so that their latent desires/fantasies will at last be fulfilled.

People who think they own a state/estate or two naturally hate Kafka. Or illiterate as they are; perhaps never have heard of him. Or perhaps they have heard of him and doing exactly the same that has to be done to get a stronghold on the bureaucratic states Kafka was frightened of. Whether in heaven or in hell or as a mutant (Gregor Samsa) re-incarnated in Jibonanodo Das-er Bangla, the soul of Kafka must be writhing in pain after seeing all these bureaucratic and militaristic hullabaloos.

Tuesday, June 10, 2008

Betrayal and the perils of pity

I went to see Salim with Saif after a very long time yesterday. I had known him for nearly two years. We met at the lower court premises of old Dhaka, stumbled somewhat on each other while concerned, engrossed, and buried perhaps in our own thoughts. We met again awhile at a tea stall on the opposite side of the court and stroked up a conversation. Soon we befriended one another and began to share the high and the lows of our life. He had come to the court premises of puran Dhaka to meet his detained relative. The man was brought to the Metropolitan Magistrates’ court for a regular bail petition. I went there to appear before court no-7 where a hearing was due regarding our land in Mirpur. Three years ago it fell foul to the local miscreants. My father had filed a case and I was making regular hearing appearances after his death.

As days went by my friendship with Salim grew stronger and stronger. I went to his place very often. He owned a dimly-attired food court in Mohammadpur near the Geneva Camp. The inexpensive foods attracted large number of customers ranging from the tiny tots with their moms and dads to old folks with their grandchildren to newly wed with a low income. Students were the biggest admirer of Salim’s Kebab Ghar. For Salim each day was of greater satisfaction as customers thronged in his dingy yet piously maintained food court. The customers regarded him as honest and a man of integrity. He would never compromise their expectations.

The word “honesty” did lay deeply embedded in Salim’s heart. “Honesty is not something that the big businesses care about; making more profit; money, money, money and more money, that seem to be the strategy there. It looks as if they are caught in the treacherous web of profit and gain, unlike me who runs business with a small capital”, he declared narcissistically whenever he spoke of himself. He was more than happy with his humble business. He acknowledged his freedom from the snares of the multinational commercial banks and shut his door against everything corrugated and corrupt. Whenever he was in a happy mood he would declare, “You are still a young man and your job will soon get you to the top”, though he knew little about me.

Whenever he was depressed he made grave comments on his existence, “You know what? Life is filthy for men like us. Police rounds up small vendors like us on the slightest of pretext”. But the thing that gave him the creeps was the haunted memory of severe beating after refusing to pay the local goons two years ago. “They are, in my eyes, the worst of all troublemakers. They do no favor but the cops at times are somewhat generous. They display strange acts of generosity even when it seems unlikely they would”, he told.

“Generosity” is akin to pity, pitying the helpless and hapless, living at the margins of our society. Showing pity to the wretched has been a tradition for mankind. "Pity”ing is taken for granted as a manifestation of religiosity, a way of throwing at the pitied renewed, revamped, carrots of exploitation. Jaminders delivered pity to their subjects as did the imperial British by bestowing Khan Bahadur, Nawab Bahadur to a handful of bullocks and by amputating the fingers of farmers and imposing high taxes on the poor villagers.

Salim often discussed family matters and history with me. I made an obtuse reconstruction of the bits and pieces of the stories about him and his family from that.

History made Salim’s family to bow to the powerful and fate played strange game with them. Every generation of his family, it seemed had its own share of being pitied or grabbing the basket of pity with insult and disgrace heaped over side by side. Pitied by the politicians, Salim’s father and his uncle had migrated from Bihar during 1947. The mongrels and weasels at the helm decided to offer the poor nothing but accept the fate of being incarcerated, killed, raped or at best, become a refugee while they wrangled over power in the newly divided countries.

Salim used to say, “The new country hardly promised my father and uncle anything, but somehow they welcomed their new home with new hopes. They thought they might succeed if they worked hard. But soon dreams were shattered. Poor people shared the same fate of learning the hardest way”.

He heard from his mother how ravaged the family was after the partition. Years went by, they kept on struggling, Salim was born and then came the turbulent months of 1971.

The carnage that started on the 26th of March once again changed the life of Salim’s parents and his relatives. His uncle, five or six years older than his father now wore a fez, prayed fervently five times a day and went on hunting the Bengalis at night whom he accused of not being Muslim enough. He and his fellowmen staged ruthless and carefully orchestrated plundering in and around Dhaka city. The city also faced the wrath of the marauding Pakistani army. Bodies littered the streets as more and more people were murdered. Unfed beggars roamed the alleyways like ghosts, dogs barked tirelessly at night, people were sometimes seen fleeing the almost desolate city while machine guns rumbled and mortar shells brightened the dark sky above the city.

It seemed history with its own cosmic motives bestowed them the role of victimizing the Bengali people. Pity during those years fled. Salim’s people, perhaps, committed a grave mistake by putting their faith on the Pakistani army. As they wallowed in destroying lives and livelihood of Bengalis they forgot how these brown-skinned people embraced them as brothers and sisters just years ago in the eventful year of partition. Sadly, they were avenging that brotherly “embrace” with plunder and murder. New hardships began for Salim’s family as the war ended. Pitying (it was again the brown-skinned people of Bengal) led them to live in the ghettos while their allies left them to rot, breaking the promise of saving them.

Herein lay the mystery of life when pity and betrayal become strange bedfellows.

Saif was trying to convince me of his accounts regarding Salim’s death.

“He was betrayed, betrayed by the man he trusted a lot. But the locals were saying that the policemen might have nabbed him as part of their drive again temporary shops in and around Mohammadpur area. But I’m sure that it is Ratan’s work. He is an ex-employee of Salim’s food court.”

“I got the ominous news at the dead of the night. My mobile rang and a wailing Karim, Salim’s elder brother informed me of Salim’s murder. I broke into tears as Karim kept on crying frantically at the other end of the cell phone”.

At Salim’s funeral I heard more regarding Salim’s murder. Many blamed the police of the murder. Others claimed it was Ratan’s work. I met Salim’s mother but lost words to console her. While returning home from Mohammadpur that night many questions lingered in my mind.

I thought Pity had fled when the murderers were killing Salim. Betrayal of Ratan might be a reason for his demise. I wondered why betrayal cost humanity does so much. After much pondering I concluded that history is nothing but a heap of betrayals. Once I was affected tremendously by the legendary tale of Mir Jafar’s betrayal. To the elders of my house nothing was more potent a metaphor for the word betrayal than the name Mir Jafar. “Betrayal did cost us Plassey”, they kept on telling. The word “betrayal”, I reflected connected Salim’s demise with each and every tragic history of humanity.

As I lay in my bed last night, I was happy to be able to see Salim again. Only this time, his jovial welcomes were missing. Later in my dreams a sad face kept gaping at me with his eyes pleading to stop a murderer.


.

Wednesday, May 21, 2008

Of pilgrimage and divinity

Pilgrimage as a niche for battered souls,
and leverage of the faithful
cure festering sins
Unholy entente, corporate deals, imperial politics
damage the essence of pilgrimage now.

Divinity is a reason for pilgrimage
and if woven with ambiguity,
is a threat to the individual
Sisypus knew it well
as does a laborer or rickshawalla.

But divinity and pilgrimage is a casual concoction of
status symbol, power play and bankrupt religiosity
for rulers and regimes blessed with timorous teeth and tenacity.

Serpentine Thrills

for D H Lawrence

She saw the snake skin first,
against the wall,
like crumpled paper,
and we rushed to read it
for clues and explanations
as though it were a discarded
love letter, which in a way it was.

We knelt together over it
with a curious reverence,
our own itchy skins full
of admiration and envy
for that ease of removing ourselves,
without the need of water, or wind.

Thursday, April 24, 2008

Enchanter’s chant

Artworks are bohemian
in essence, far removed
from the gallows of insipid living.
Sometimes inane gratifications
crowd in an artist’s mind,
taboo, lust marvels his soul,tedious wrath
huddles with innocent trust.
Together they harvest
intriguing, transforming lines
like religion shaped by liaison
of a devout soul and a drifted body.

Fitful turmoil of faith

Walking in a bustling city and
presuming honking vehicles as soulless
backfires, becomes a cruel reality
as souls, these days, are mortgaged to rambling former bureaucrats
and tedious televangelists.

Chastity ridden and clerical,
they incite dread on TV
roars to suppress the feminine
terror returns,
ripping apart lives, killing many in the name of God.

The clash of ignorance is on
raised in the turbulent sea of faith
as sagacious men quarry and squander time
only to mislead.

Wednesday, February 27, 2008

An Area of Darkness


Nurturing a narcissistic mind
invites consistent illusions
forgotten is the weary world
provinciality forsaken.

The mind wallops Lisa Ray
manifesting a beauty obsessed temporal world

Long ago did Thoreau prophesized
through the immortal words in Walden
the ways for building of a soul
to live a life
beyond sorrow and ignominy

Baudelaire cursed ennui
deeming it destructive
utterly ravaging man
chanting for Lady Macbeth
whose soul so potent in crime
provided perfect cure
for a heart
profound as an abyss
worthy of invoking ladies of the night
While Satan spirits his soul with Faustian wishes
fuelling the dark Le Fleur du Mal

Such poetic journeys need a shattered naked soul
To triumph over the diabolic
Leading to happiness

This is soul’s journey uniting all erring humans
Quivering poets they are,
Sages of past, present and future.


# The title refers to V S Naipaul’s non-fiction An Area of Darkness

Tuesday, February 26, 2008

Atonement

They marched past
brittle streets,
entered a highway
of meaningless commotions,

Pouring hearts out
beating melancholy drums
told sad tales of crime
committed ages hence,

Wary of oddities let loose
state servicemen guard the procession
with a fanatics’ zeal,
appeasing
outrageously suspicious masters
busy plotting peace
while millions walk barefooted
towards the kerbala of soul
armed with sorrows and sores only.